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Flexible hoses are widely used in automobiles. Understanding the force required to insert a hose, independent of worker variation, is important for engineers, designers and health professionals. Various parameters affect the insertion forces including the interference between the hose and flange. Also, it has been observed that workers often add motions during the insertion process, including rotation and oscillation. This paper describes the effects of these parameters on axial insertion forces. A programmable mill was used to isolate the effects of four variables on hose insertion force: fit, insertion speed, rotational velocity and oscillation magnitude. The results show that the magnitude of the interference of the 19 mm inside diameters (ID) heater hose and the flange, and the insertion technique affect the insertion forces; resulting in a range of insertion forces from 11.1±0.2 to 128.4±11.3 N.
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